Method of equalizing the dyeing qualities of artificial



Rqf. 20,356

May 11, 1937.

R. ELSSNER ET AL 'METHbD 0F BQUALIZING T HE DYEING QUALITIES OF ARTIFICIAL FILAM ENTS Original Filed Feb. 15, 1953 4 Sheets-Sheet l a r w cum '3 157551761 May 11, 1937. R. ELSSNER Er AL 20,356

METHOD OF EQUALIZING THE DYEING QUALIT IES OF ARTIFICIAL F ILAMENTS Original Filed Feb. 13, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet :s"

I l'l'l'l I 'Hn" *4 I Tjiq'a May 11, 1937. R. ELSSNER El AL 23,355v

lnfrnon or B uAuz Im m1: Diane qmmnnas or ARTIFICIAL rmumws Original Filed Feb. 1:. 193: 4-Sheets-Sheet 4 Reissued May 11, 1931 METHOD OF EQUALIZING THE 'DYEING QUALITIES OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS Richard Elssner, Elizabethton, and Ralph E. Carter, Johnson City, Tenn, assignors to North American Rayon Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Original Ida-1,992,897, dated February 26, 1935,

Serial No. 658,538, February 13, 1933. Application tor reissue May 4, 1936, Serial No. 77,882

11 Claim.

This invention relates to angle axis spinning rollers for spinning machines in the manufacture of yarns 'oi' artificial origin, but primarily has for its object the increase of the coagulating 5 length of the yarn between spinnerette and takeup roller or spool for the purpose of improving g the quality of the yarn.

Another object of our present invention is an improved roller means over which the green or freshly-extruded yarn passes before reaching the thread guide and spool thereby increasing the coagulating length and eliminating unevenness oi dyeing andthe resultant so-called flame eflect. Still another object of our present invention lies in providing an improved roller means over which the green yarn passes, which roller means 7 is easily and quickly adjustable with respect to the adiusting of the spacing angle which determines the spacing and coagulating length of the 20 yarn. i ,l {1} her, another object of our invention is in the use of the improved roller means, power being applied to one of the rollers to drive it at a constant speed with relation to the take-up 25 spool for the purpose of creating a gradual increase in tension as the yarn body builds up on the take-up spool or roller, which increase in tension tends to eliminate the inside-outside dyeing difl'erence.

30 Another object of the present inventionlies in providing an improved roller means over which the green yarn passes, one of said rollers being power-driven thereby enabling regulation in the tightness with which the yarn bodv is wound.

35 These and other objects of our present invention will in part be pointed out and in part become obvious from a study of the-following description and by reference to the drawings attached, in which:

40 Figure l is a front elevation of a portion of a spinning machine with the preferred form of our invention applied:

Figure 2 is a vertical cross section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1 looking in thedirection 45 of the arrows;

Figure 3 is an enlarged detail vertical section .of the power driven roller as used in the preferred form oi! our invention; c

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail vertical cross- 50 section taken on the line H of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a detail section oi the manner of attaching the bracket assembly oi the filament driven roller used in the preferred form of our invention: I, 55 mm 6 a an enlarged detail vertical section of the filament driven roller and bearing means as used in our preferred form;

Figure 7 is a detail front elevation of a modiiled form of our invention on a spinning machine:

Figure 8 is a vertical section of the parts shown 5 in Figure '1; a

Figure 9 is an enlarged vertical section taken through the bracket and roller assembly shown in our modified form; I s

Figure 10 is a side elevation of a modified form of a roller that may be used with our invention;

Figure 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a modified form oi the bracket assembly with another modified form of roller being used;

Figure 12 is a detail cross-section on the line iZ-l! of Figure 11; and

Figure 13 is a side elevation of the roller used in the form illustrated in Figure 11;

In the manufacture of rayon bythe spool spinning process, numerous disadvantages arise during spinning, owing to the comparatively short coagulating distance between spinnerette and spool, and it has been found that upon increasing the coagulating length by placing rollers (grooved or otherwise) between the spinnerette and take-up spool for the yarn to pass over; unevenness in dyeing or flame eiiect of green yarn, which is one of the main disadvantages oi spool spinning. is practically eliminated. Bv the application of such rollers the physical characteristics of the yarn thus spun may also be chan ed to a certain extent according to the application used.

It has also been found that by power drivinii one oi'the intermediate rollers at a constant speed with relation to the speed of the take-up spool that a slight tension is imparted towards the end of the spinnin due to the fact that the yarn in building up enlarges in diameter, thereby increasing the peripheral speed and exerting 40 a slight increase of tension which eliminates to a reat extent the inside-outside dyein eiiect.

Referring now to'the drawings in which like numerals indicate like parts and more particularly to Figures 1 to 6. in which we have shown 5 the preferred embodiment of our invention. i indicates the back board of a spinning machine, 2 the trou h portion for holding the coagulating ba h. and l a splash drain.

The spinning solution is passed through a pipe 4 to a pump 5 and forced through the candle filter 8' and thencethrough the goose neck 1 and finally extruded through the spinnerette 8 and passes throu h the coagulating bath 9 which is 56 contained in' the trough 2.

, 1|, which may be grooved or be perfectly smooth as shown. After passing around the roller II, the filaments It are brought down and around the freely rotatable angle axis roller l2. The

number of times the filaments are passed around the rollers II and I2 is-optional.

I A thread guide I! is rigidly attached to a clip i4 by a key and slot arrangement ii. The clip I4 is securely fastened to one' of the bracket arms 2 of which more will be said later. Thisthread guide It receives the filaments III as they are extruded from the spinnerette I and guides them on their first passing around the roller II.

The filament ll, after leaving the angle axis roller l2 on its lastloop, is brought upwardly and passed through the oscillating thread guide it, thence over the take-up spool II, which is power driven (means not shown), and revolves on the shaft IO.

The spacing of the filament loops is determined by the angle of the axis of the angle axis roller l2. angle is adjustable as will later be described. The'assembly of theangle axis roller l2.comprises two side bracket members '2l twisted to a ,desired angle at 2l-2|.. These bracket members 2l2l are held in spaced relation by spacer sleeves 22 and 23 and'bolts 24' and 25 respectively. Squared portions 26 and 21 are fashioned adJacent the heads of bolts 24 and 25 for the purpose of fitting in the squared lower end of slots 28 and 29 respectively on the U channel II which acts as a support for the bracket assembly of the angle axis roller i2. The slots 28 and 29 in the U angle 30 have enlarged openings II- and 22 respectively for the purpose of inserting the heads of the bolts 24 and 25. After tlie insertion of bolts 24 and 25, they are forced down into the squared lower ends of slots 20 and 28, the squared bolt portions 26 and 21 then fitting in such a fashion as to prevent the rotation of the bolts 24 and 25in said slots for a reason later to be more fully described.

The lower ends 3H3 of the side bracket. members llli are circular in shape and fit within the'angle axis roller l2 as clearly shown in Figures 5 and 6 of the'drawin'gs. The purpose of this arrangement is to prevent the filaments ll reaching thebearings of the angle axis roller l2 and wrapping and twisting around said bearing in the event of the filaments slippings oil. The angle axis roller I2 is provided'with a shaft 84 havlng pointed ends 35 which rotate in glass or porcelain bearings 28, said bearings 16 being provided with keys 31 which fit into-the bearing slots "-38.

In order to adjust. the angle of the roller 12 for the desired spacing of the filament loops as they pass over the rollers II and I2 the nuts IQ and 4| of the bolts 24 and 28 respectively are loosened, allowing the side bracket members :l-a to pivot on the bolt is within the confines oi the arcuate slots 4l4l through which the bolt 24 extends. When the desired angle is obtained it is then only necessary to tighten up on thenutsilahd. Thusitcanbeseenthat the spacing of the filament loops ll may be such that either a lesser or greater number of loops than the number shown on the drawings may beused.

The power driven mner l2 rotates with a shaft 42 driven by apair of spiral gears 43 one of which firmly, as only suiiicient force is exerted by clutch element to draw the filaments. Such a means eliminates the necessity of stopping the machine while redomng in case of a broken filament, or cleaning the roller Ii.

A shield 54 is placedover and around the back flange of the power driven roller, II to prevent any dripping from the yarn reaching'the shaft 42 and c whereby interference with its operation might result also to prevent the yarn twisting around said shaft 42 should a break occur.

In the drawings the roller i2 is shown immersedinthe coagulatingbathi. Thisispreferable but notabsolutely essential to the results desired. 1

In operation, the angle axis roller i2 is adjusted as described in the foregoing part of the specification, to the angle desired for the number of loops required. The extruded filaments from the spinnerette I are then passed through rigid thread guide I! up and aroimd the power driven roller ll, down and around the filament driyen roller l2 and with repeated loopings as many times as required, then finally up to the oscillating. thread guide I! and onto the take-up spool ll. j

At the beginning of the winding the peripheral speeds of thetake-up, 9 01 I1 and the power driven roller II are equal, or nearly so, but as the filaments build up onth e spool, the peripheral speed of the take-up Spool ll becomes increasingly greater and the tension on the filaments is correspondingly increased. The result is that the greatest tension is on the outside of the yarn 'andthis tends" to eliminate-the insideoutside dyeing difference. The flame effect which is'caused by any number of factors such as uneven coagulation, is compensated for by the increase in s'pinnin'g length. r

In Figures 7-9 is shown a modification of our invention. In this form both rollers are filament driven. The device comprises spaced rollers 48-48 supported by side bracket members "-8.

twisted at 8lIl and held inmaced'relation by,

bolts 24a and! and spacersleeves' 22aand 23a.

This bracket assembly is supported inthe some preferred form, like parts be-' fashion as in my ingnumberedsimilarlmbutwiththeletteril added thereto.

The rollers 4l-4l rotate on shafts Illl.'said shafts ll-ll having at one end-extended'bent portions 242 which coincide. with projecting 1 8 "-82 may consist of an elastic element ll is thenforced over the lug 53 and bent portion l2 ofthe shaft II. This arrangement is such that there is neither endwise nor rotative movement of the and makes inexpensive and easily rearigidthreadguidefldssecuredontheinside bracket member II y holding means, a key and slot arrangement l'l holding said ead guide 84 from axial rotation.

' forms the same function as the thread guide II a groove 58 for the purpose of positioning the.

first pass of the filaments ID as they are extruded from thespinnerette 8. With this type of roller a the thread guide 54 can be dispensed with or used in an alternative. form.

In Figures 11-13 is shown a modified form of the bracket assembly with another type of roller being used. The reference numerals used will be the same as for corresponding parts shown in Figures 7 to 9 except that the letter b will be used with the numerals.

The bracket assembly in this form comprises spaced rollers 48bl9b supported by side bracket members. Silo-50b twisted at 5ib5ib and held in spaced relation by lugs BIL-BI. The lugs 60 have threaded sockets for receiving the bolts 62 which are inserted through the bored lugs 6|.

In this form the bracket assembly is supported through a dove-tail means. One portion of the dove-tail is screwed to the U-angle 3|! by screws 53 and is indicated by the numeral 64. The other part of the dove-tail indicated as 65 is integral with the inner bracket member 50b.

The rollers 48b49b rotate on the shafts 55b-55b which are the same as the shafts illustrated in Figures 7-9 and which are secured in the same fashion by the elastic means 56b.

The modified roller 49b used in this form and shown per se in Figure 13 of the drawings is designed to function as a flywheel for stabilizing any tendencies of lag which might possibly occur thereby causing possible unevenness in denier. In this form the roller 49!: also has a positioning groove 58b which is illustrated in Figure 10.

. Adjacent the groove 58b is a disc shaped flange be easily understood by anyone skilled in the-art,

and what .we claim is:

1. In a process for equalizing the dyeing qualities of artificial filaments, the steps of extruding the filaments under the surface of a bath and passing them upwardly to a freely rotatable surface, then downwardly to another freely rotatable surface, at least one of said surfaces beingout of said'bath, repeating the upward and downward passage a plurality of times over the said surfaces, and then passing the filaments upwardly to a collecting device under increasing tension.

2. In a process for equalizing the dyeing qualities of artificial filaments, the steps of extruding the filaments under the surface of a bath and passing them upwardly to a freely rotatable surface, then downwardly to another freely rotatable surface, said second freelyrotatable surface being immersed in a bath calculated to aid in the precipitation of the filaments, repeating the upward and downward passage of the filaments a plurality of times over the said surfaces, and

then passing the filaments upwardly to a collecting device under increasing tension.

3. In an apparatus for equalizing the dyeing qualities of artificial filaments, in combination, a spinnerette for extruding the filaments, a takeup roller or spool and thread guide associated therewith, freely rotatable rollers over which the filaments are looped a plurality of times before passing to the guiding and take-up device, one of said rollers having a circular fiange integrally attached thereto, said flange being weighted at its outer periphery, whereby lagging tendencies of I said roller are overcome, and means for rotating said take-up means at a predetermined progressively increasing peripheralspeed.

4. In a process for equalizing the dyeing qualities of artificial filaments, the steps of extrud- .ing the filaments under the surface of a bath and passing them upwardly to a rotating sur'- face, then downwardly to a rotatable surface, at least one of said surfaces being out of said bath, repeating the upward and downward passage a plurality of times over the said surfaces and then passing the filaments upwardly to a collecting device under an increasing tension.

' 5. In a process for equalizing the dyeing qualities of artificial filaments, the steps of extruding the filaments under the surface of a bath and passing them upwardly to a rotating surface, thendownwardly to a rotatable surface; repeating the upward and downward passage a plurality of times over the said surfaces and then passing the filaments upwardly to a collecting device under an increasing tension, the lowermost of the said surfaces contacting with the bath.

6. In an. apparatus for equalizing the dyeing qualities of artificial filaments, in combination, a spinnerette for extruding the filaments, atakeup roller or spool and thread guide associated therewith, a pair of rollers over which the filaments are looped a plurality of times, said rollers being positioned between said spinnerette and said take-up device, one of 'said rollers being power-driven and the other of said rollers being freelyrotatable and means for rotating said takeup means at a predetermined progressively increasing peripheral speed. v I

. 7. In an apparatus for equalizing the dyeing qualities of artificial filaments, in combination, a spinnerette for extruding the filaments, a takeup roller or spool andthread. guide associated therewith, a pair of rollers over which the filaments are looped a plurality of times, said rollers being positioned between said spinnerette and said take-up device, one of said rollers being pow er driven at a constant speed and the other of said rollers being freely rotatable, and means for rotating said take-up means at a predetermined progressively increasing peripheral speed.

8. In a process for producing artificial yarn,

the steps of extruding the yarn, passing it under an increasingly greater tension as the 1 build-up increases.

9. A process for producing artificial threads which comprises extruding a cellulosic solution to form a thread, passing the thread through a precipitating bath to coagulate the same, conducting the thus treated thread over a series of rollers one of which is positively driven to draw the thread from the bath and propel the same, collecting the thread. and subjecting the succeeding portions of said thread to a gradually increasing tension during its passage from the driven roller to the point of collection to thereby increase the stretch of the last wound layers as 10 the package is formed.

10. A process for producing artificial threads which comprises extruding a cellulosic solution 7 to form a thread, passing the thread through a precipitating bath to coagulate the same, draw- 15 ing the thread from the bath by a driven roller,

conducting the thus treatedgthread over additional rollers and forming a package having improved dyeing properties by collecting succeeding layers oi thread under a gradually increasing tension whereby the last wound layers are the thread from the precipitating bath by a drivenroller, leading the thread around at least one freely rotatable roller and thence to a collecting device and during passage oi the thread from the driven roller to the collecting device progressively increasing the tension on succeeding portions of the thread whereby a package is formed in which the last wound layers have been subiected to a greater tension than the first wound layers.

RICHARD ELSBNER. RALPH H. CARTER. 

